Redis python API cheatsheet

Posted by chunyang on July 7, 2019
TAGS: #reading

Introduction

本文主要介绍 Redis 的 Python API 的常见使用方法。Python API 也是具体 Redis 命令的包装。 只不过是实现了支持 Redis 协议的功能。

主要的类和函数

Redis, StrictRedis

要连接上 Redis 服务器，需要知道三个元素：

  • host
  • port
  • password: 如果服务端设置了密码

主要接口如下：

构造对象
  • pipline(self, transaction=True, shard_hint=None)
  • lock(self, name, timeout=None, sleep=0.1, blocking_timeout=None, lock_class=None, thread_local=True)
  • pubsub(self, **kwargs)
  • monitor(self)

下述的调用都是 execute_command(self, *args, **options) 来完成。

保存

  • bgrewriteaof(self)
  • bgsave(self)

Client 相关操作

  • client_kill(self, address)
  • client_kill_filter(self, _id=None, _type=None, addr=None, skipme=None)
  • client_list(self, _type=None): 类型可以是： normal，master，replica，pubsub
  • client_getname(self)
  • client_id(self)
  • client_setname(self, name)
  • client_unblock(self, client_id, error=False)
  • client_pause(self, timeout)

基础命令

单个 key
  • append(self, key, value)
  • get(self, name)
  • getrange(self, key, start, end)
  • getset(self, name, value)
  • set(self, name, value, ex=None, px=None, nx=False, xx=False)
  • setex(self, name, time ,value)
  • setnx(self, name ,value)
  • setrange(self, name, offset, value): 覆盖从 offset 开始的内容
  • decr(self, key, amount=1)
  • decrby(self, name, amount=1)
  • incr(self, name, amount=1)
  • incrby(self, name, amount=1)
  • incrbyfloat(self, name, amount=1.0)
一般命令
  • psetex(self, name, time_ms, value)
  • pttl(self, name)
  • ttl(self, name)
  • type(self, name)
  • strlen(self, name)
  • substr(self, name, start, end=-1)
  • touch(self, *args): 更新最近的访问时间，不存在的 key 会被忽略
  • randomkey(self)
  • rename(self, src, dst)
  • renamenx(self, src, dst)
  • restore(self, name, ttl, value, replace=False)

  • unlink(self, *names)

  • watch(self, *names): Deprecated，使用 Pipeline
  • unwatch(self): Deprecated，使用 Pipeline
Bit 相关
  • bitcount(self, key, start=None, end=None)
  • getbit(self, name, offset)
  • setbit(self, name, offset, value)
  • bitfield(self, key, default_overflow=None)
  • bitop(self, operation, dest, *keys)
  • bitpos(self, key, bit, start=None, end=None)
批量命令
  • mget(self, keys, *args)
  • mset(self, mapping): mapping 是 dict
  • msetnx(self, mapping)
List
  • blpop(self, name, timeout=0)
  • brpop(self, name, timeout=0)
  • brpoplpush(self, src, dst, timeout=0)
  • lindex(self, name, index)
  • linsert(self, name, where, refvalue, value)
  • llen(self, name)
  • [l/r]pop(self, name)
  • [l/r]push(self, *values)
  • [l/r]pushx(self, name, *values)
  • [l/r]range(self, name, start, end)
  • lrem(self, name, count, value)
  • lset(self, name, index, value)
  • ltrim(self, name, start, end): 删除 start 和 end 之间的内容
  • rpoplpush(self, src, dst)
  • sort(self, name, start=None, num=None, by=None, get=None, desc=False, alpha=False, store=None, groups=False)
Set
  • sadd(self, name, *values)
  • scard(self, name)
  • sdiff(self, keys, *args)
  • sdiffstore(self, dest, keys, *args)
  • sinter(self, keys, *args)
  • sinterstore(self, dest, keys, *args)
  • sismember(self, name, value)
  • smembers(self, name)
  • smove(self, src, dst, value)
  • spop(self, name, count=None)
  • srandmember(self, name, number=None)
  • srem(self, name, *values)
  • sunion(self, keys, *args)
  • sunionstore(self, dest, keys, *args)
Map
  • hdel(self, name, *keys)
  • hexists(self, name, key)
  • hget(self, name, key)
  • hgetall(self, name)
  • hincrby(self, name, key, amount=1)
  • hincrbyfloat(self, name, key, amount=1.0)
  • hkeys(self, name)
  • hvals(self, name)
  • hlen(self, name)
  • hset[nx](self, name, key, value)
  • hmset(self, name, mapping)
  • hmget(self, name, keys, *args)
  • hstrlen(self, name, key)

Need to understand what zset means

  • zadd(self, name, mapping, nx=False, xx=False, ch=False, incr=False)
  • zcard(self, name)
  • zcount(self, name, min, max)
  • zincrby(self, name, amount, value)
Scan
  • scan(self, cursor=0, match=None, count=None): scan list
  • scan_iter(self, match=None, count=None): scan list
  • sscan(self, name, cursor=0, match=None, count=None): scan set
  • sscan_iter(self, name, match=None, count=None)
  • hscan(self, name, cursor=0, match=None, count=None): scan dict
  • hscan_iter(self, name, match=None, count=None)
  • zscan(self, name, cursor=0, match=None, count=None, score_cast_func=float)
  • zscan_iter(self, name, match=None, count=None, score_cast_func=float)
清除和 expire 相关
  • delete(self, key)
  • dump(self, name)
  • move(self, name, db)
  • persist(self, name)
  • exists(self, *names)
  • expire(self, name, time)
  • expireat(self, name, when)
  • pexpire(self, name, time)
  • pexpireat(self, name, when)
  • keys(self, pattern='*')

Sentinel 相关

  • sentinel_get_master_addr_by_name(self, service_name)
  • sentinel_master(self, master)
  • sentinel_masters(self)
  • sentinel_monitor(self, name, ip, port, quorum): add a new node to be monitored
  • sentinel_sentinels(self, service_name)
  • sentinel_set(self, name, option, value)
  • sentinel_slaves(self, service_name)

其它

  • echo(self, value)
  • dbsize(self)
  • flushall(self, asynchronous=False): 删除 Host 上所有键
  • flushdb(self, asynchronous=False): 删除指定 database 上所有键
  • swapdb(self, first, second)
  • info(self, section=None)
  • ping(self)
  • save(self)
  • shutdown(self)